3岁以下儿童10年来动态生长发育情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of The Dynamic Growth and Development of Children Under 3 Years Old in 10 Years

目的 :了解郑州市3岁以下儿童的动态生长发育情况。方法 :采取随机抽样的方法,抽取郑州市3家医院儿保门诊的所有儿童系统管理资料,回顾性分析2004-2014年10年间出生健康儿童0~3岁的体检资料,调查自出生至3岁期间的出生情况、动态体格发育及乳牙萌出、语言及大运动发育、前囱闭合情况。结果 :10年来郑州市儿童体质量、身长呈持续和显著地增长。郑州市儿童体质量和身高指标均超过世界卫生组织(WHO)标准(2006年),除身高与全国9市无统计学差异外,其他体格发育指标均略高于全国水平(P<0.05)。女孩的乳牙萌出时间及囱门闭合时间较男孩稍早(P<0.01),余指标无统计学差异。结论:郑州市儿童的体质量、身高的增长呈现生长发育的长期趋势,儿童神经心理发育状况正常,并呈现略为提前的趋势。

Objective:To understand the dynamic growth and development of children under 3 years old in Zhengzhou. Methods:According to random sampling from the children's system management information in the children care clinic of 3 hospitals in Zhengzhou city, a retrospective analysis was conducted among the physical examination data of the 0-3 year-old healthy children born from November 2004 to November 2014. The birth situation, dynamic physical growth and deciduous tooth eruption, language and motor development and bregmatic fontanel closure from birth to 3 years old were investigated. Results:The weight and height of the children in Zhengzhou have been continuously and significantly improved during the past 10 years, which have exceeded the standard of world health organization(WHO)(2006). No obvious difference have been observed in the children height of Zhengzhou city when compared with those of other nationwide 9 cities, however, all other physical development indexes are higher than the national level(P<0.05). Besides, there's no significant difference of the indexes between different genders, except that the deciduous teeth eruption and the fontanel closure time of girls are relatively earlier than those of boys. Conclusion:The increase of children's weight and height in Zhengzhou shows a long-term growth and development trend, and the neuropsychological development is normal with a slightly advanced trend.