大豆油和棕榈油制备生物润滑油基础油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸酯的理化性质分析

Physicochemical properties of biolubricant base oil trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters from soybean oil and palm oil

按照美国材料与试验协会国际标准(ASTM)对大豆油和棕榈油制备的生物润滑油基础油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸酯(TMPFAE)的理化性质进行测定。大豆油脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)与三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)分别按照物质的量比为4∶1、3.1∶1,棕榈油FAME与TMP按照物质的量比3.1∶1进行反应,用K2CO3作为催化剂合成三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸三酯(TFATE)。结果表明:棕榈油FAME转化率为76.95%,TMPFAE中TFATE含量为66.88%,大豆油FAME(nFAME∶nTMP=3.1∶1)转化率为74.83%,TMPFAE中TFATE含量为54.76%;大豆油TMPFAE低温性能较好,但是氧化稳定性较差,运动黏度和动力黏度较低;而棕榈油TMPFAE氧化稳定性好,但是低温性能差。

The physicochemical properties of trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters(TMPFAE) as biolubricant base oil prepared from soybean oil and palm oil were tested by international standards of American Society Testing Materials(ASTM).Soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters(FAME) reacted with trimethylolpropane(TMP) in mass ratios of 4∶ 1 and 3.1∶ 1,palm oil FAME reacted with TMP in a mass ratio of3.1∶ 1,to generate trimethylolpropane fatty acid triester(TFATE) with K2CO3 as catalyst.The results showd that the conversion rate of palm oil FAME was 76.95%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was66.88%.The conversion rate of soybean oil FAME(nFAME∶ nTMP= 3.1 ∶ 1) was 74.83%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was 54.76%.Soybean oil TMPFAE had good properties at low temperature,but its oxidation stability was poor,and the kinematic viscosity and dynamic viscosity were lower.The oxidation stability of palm oil TMPFAE was good,but the low temperature property was poor.