不同发育期红松种子含油率及种子油脂肪酸组成动态变化

Dynamic changes of oil content in Pinus koraiensis seed during development and fatty acid composition of its oil

以2016年不同发育期(7月8日、8月10日、9月6日、10月7日)的红松种子为原料,采用氯仿甲醇法测定种子含油率,GC-MS/MS测定种子油脂肪酸组成,分析不同发育期红松种子含油率及种子油脂肪酸组成的动态变化规律。结果表明:发育初期红松种子的含油率较低(4. 4%),随后迅速增加,并在9月6日达峰值(71%),之后降低;红松种子油中共检测出13种脂肪酸,其中油酸、亚油酸和皮诺敛酸为主要不饱和脂肪酸;红松种子不同发育期其油中油酸和亚油酸含量不断增加,但皮诺敛酸含量在8月10日达到峰值(16. 30%)后不断降低。研究可为红松种子采收期选择提供科学依据,对红松种子开发利用具有重要意义。

Pinus koraiensis seeds in different developmental stages (July 8,August 10,September 6 and October 7 in 2016) were collected as raw materials,the oil contents in Pinus koraiensis seeds were tested using the method of chloroform methanol,and the fatty acid compositions of their oils were determined by GC-MS/MS to analyze the dynamic changes of oil content in Pinus koraiensis seeds in different developmental stages and fatty acid composition of its oil. The results showed that the oil content in Pinus koraiensis seed in early developmental stage was low (4. 4%),then increased rapidly,and reached the highest oil content of 71% on September 6,then reduced. There were 13 kinds of fatty acids detected in the Pinus koraiensis seed oil,in which oleic acid,linoleic acid and pinolenic acid were the major unsaturated fatty acids. During seed development,the contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid appeared in an up-trend,but the peak value of pinolenic acid (16. 30%) appeared on August 10,then decreased slightly. This data could provide scientific basis for harvest time selection of Pinus koraiensis seed,and had great significance for utilization of Pinus koraiensis seed.