进口大豆热损贬值的因素分析与评估

Factor analysis and assessment of devaluation of heat damaged-imported soybean

随着大宗油料国际贸易的发展,进口油料货损难以避免,其中又以油料热损最为突出。油料热损与运输业、保险业、油脂加工业等多个行业的权益相关,如何正确认识并计算热损所造成的经济损失被各方高度关注。基于近年来参与进口大豆若干热损案例的经验,针对热损大豆原料和油、粕产品,分析其品质受损的原因和主要因素,为热损贬值评估提供理论和技术依据。在通常情况下,建议通过蛋白溶解度的损失率和毛油酸价的升高分别计算豆粕和大豆油的损失,进而反映热损大豆的贬值情况;也可将粕和油的损失分别折算成热损大豆的量,以反映贬值情况,但此时应避免重复计算。

Cargo damage,especially heat damage,has become an inevitable problem with the development of international trade of bulk oilseeds,which is closely related to the interests of many industries such as ocean shipping industry,insurance industry and oil processing industry.It is important to understand and calculate the economic losses caused by heat damage.Based on the experience of several cases about the heat damaged-imported soybean in recent years,for the heat damaged soybean,soybean oil and soybean meal,the causes and main factors of quality damage were analyzed,which could provide theoretical and technical basis for assessment of heat damage devaluation.In general,the losses of soybean meal and soybean oil were suggested to be calculated by the decrease of protein solubility and the increase of acid value in crude oil,and the devaluation in heat damaged soybean was assessed.The devaluation could be also evaluated from the amount of heat damage soybean calculated from the losses of meal or oil,but duplicate calculation should be avoided at this time.