《世界遗产公约》中两个重要概念的解析与引申——论世界遗产的“真实性”和“完整性”

Interpretation and Analysis for 2 Important Conceptions of the World Heritage Convention: Study on the World Heritage's Authenticity and Integrity

从实际问题出发 ,引入《保护世界文化与自然遗产公约》中“真实性”和“完整性”两个重要概念加以论述。通过分析指出 ,《公约》中的“真实性”和“完整性”原则分别单向对应于文化遗产、自然遗产 ,而这一关系已在中国世界遗产地、文物保护单位以及风景名胜区的实际问题中显示出局限性。结论是 :无论从当今世界遗产事业发展趋势看 ,还是从中国的世界遗产往往兼具历史文化积淀和自然山水之胜的鲜明特点看 ,中国当前的世界遗产申报、文物保护和风景名胜区规划与利用等重要问题 ,都需用“真实性”和“完整性”的双重原则来面对。

Two important conceptions, authenticity and integrity in the Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, are mainly introduced and analyzed. The description of the 2 conceptions in the Convention shows the unilateral relation that cultural heritage's authenticity and natural heritage's integrity. But the unilateral relation can't meet the demand to deal with many practical problems. The heritages in China not only have profound cultural deposit, but also have beautiful natural scenery. So either from this remarkable character of China, or from the viewpoint of the new development trend in world heritage, many important problems in world heritage application,cultural relics preservation and national parks planning and utilization in China must be faced with the mixed principle of authenticity and integrity.