广西岩溶区工程地质灾害及场地处理

Geological Hazards and Ground Handling for Engineering Site in the Guangxi Karst Area

为减小岩溶区地质灾害带来的损失,以广西岩溶区为例,分析了广西岩溶地质的分布特点,对广西岩溶区的工程地质灾害进行研究分类,对岩溶区工程场地处理方法进行研究,综述了地表封闭防渗法、地面下加固处理法、结构物跨越法三大方法的原理、实施效果和实用性。研究发现:由于降雨和地下岩石类别差异等因素,广西的岩溶分布类型具有强烈的地域特性,形成了三大岩溶地貌特征;产生岩溶区地质灾害最主要的诱因是地下水的变化,重要工程中定时定点监控地下水变化十分重要;广西的岩溶区溶洞和土洞塌陷主要是人为因素造成的。

In this paper, we summarized the characteristics of geological distribution of karsts in Guangxi Province, and classified the engineering geology hazard in the Guangxi karst area into different catalogues. Taking Guangxi karst as the example, we therefore summarized the current methods of dealing with the karst area engineering site, such as the surface under the closed seepage control method, the ground reinforcement method, and the structure span method principle, effect and practicability. We found that due to factors such as rainfall and underground rock category differences, the Guangxi karst distribution type is with strong regional characteristics, and formed the three major types of karst landform. We concluded that the change of groundwater is the major reason responding for the main geological hazards in karst area. Therefore, it is very important to monitor changes of groundwater regularly. Finally, the results suggest that the karst cave and soil cave collapse in the Guangxi karst area is mainly caused by human activities.