尼泊尔8.1级地震对中国西藏地区造成的震害特征分析

Characteristics of Seismic Damage by the Nepal M8.1 Earthquake in the Tibet Area of China

2015年4月25日尼泊尔发生8.1级地震,对我国西藏地区造成较大人员伤亡与房屋破坏,道路、通讯等生命线工程及水利等基础设施损坏严重。本文介绍了本次地震的基本情况,并在现场地震烈度调查和地震损失评估的基础上,对灾区震害进行了分析,给出了灾区房屋类别与破坏情况以及生命线系统与各行业的受损情况。通过分析此次地震的灾害特点,指出了灾区在抗震设防中存在的问题,并提出加大地震地质灾害的防治力度,科学编制恢复重建规划,加强防震减灾宣传,提高农牧民抗震设防意识,加强农牧区房屋建筑的指导和监管等建议,以减少地震造成的人员伤亡和财产损失,促进西藏地区经济和社会的和谐发展。

Nepal M8.1 earthquake, occurred on April 25, 2015, caused heavy casualties and damage to housing, roads, communications and other lifeline engineering and water conservancy and other infrastructure damage in the Tibet area of China. This paper introduces the basic situation of the earthquake, and analyzes the damage of the lifeline system and the industry based on the investigation and assessment of seismic intensity. Through analysis of the characteristics of the earthquake disaster, we pointed out the existing problems in the seismic fortification. Finally we put forward the countermeasures in the future to prevent and reduce earthquake disasters, to establish restoration and reconstruction plan, to strengthen the propaganda of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, to improve the awareness of agricultural and pastoral areas, to strengthen the guidance and supervision of housing construction in rural areas, to reduce the casualties and losses, and to promote the harmonious development of economy in Tibet Autonomous Region.