论劳动力再生产中集体消费的共享属性

The Sharing Attribute of Collective Consumption in the Reproduction of Labor Power

劳动力再生产过程表现为劳动者对生活资料的消费过程,随着生产力发展,劳动力再生产出现了以集体消费为内容的非商品化趋势。非商品化的集体消费方式通常直接通过国家对社会产品的再分配而实现,但在不同生产关系下,劳动力再生产中的集体消费的性质有很大区别。本文通过构建集体消费理论框架对主要发达资本主义国家和中国特色社会主义经济中的集体消费背后的分配关系进行了理论与实证分析。结果表明,在资本主义制度下所谓的福利国家制度中出现的集体消费现象背后,实质是有利于资本的再分配方式,劳动力再生产质量和水平并没有提高;而我国的集体消费方式实质是有利于劳动力再生产的分配方式,是朝着劳动者共享剩余劳动成果的方向迈进,体现了我国公有制经济的共享发展理念。

The reproduction of labor power is manifested as the consumption process of laborers’means of living.With the development of productivity,the reproduction of labor power presents a non-commercialization trend characterized by collective consumption.Collective consumption is usually realized through the state’s redistribution of social products.But the nature of collective consumption in reproduction of labor power varies greatly under different production relations.By constructing the theoretical framework of collective consumption,this paper makes theoretical and empirical analyses of the distributive relations behind collective consumption in major developed capitalist countries and China’s socialist economywith Chinese characteristics.The results show that the collective consumption in the so-called welfare state system under capitalist system is actually a redistribution mode that is conducive to capital,and the reproduction quality and level of labor power have not been improved.In fact,the collective consumption mode in China is beneficial to the labor and it is moving towards the direction thatlaborers sharethe surplus of labor outcome,which reflects the concept of sharingdevelopment of China’s public economy.