电动汽车空调系统匹配与性能分析

Study on the Matching and Performance of Electric Vehicle Air Conditioner

以汽车空调制冷系统的设计开发原理为基础,通过对空调系统主要部件进行数学建模,并用实验数据验证了关于微通道换热器模型的准确性,数据对比发现,微通道平行流换热器模型计算的制冷剂压降、空气侧压降和换热量最大偏差分别为17.16%、10.72%和9.27%,能够满足系统匹配和性能仿真计算。以此为基础建立了空调系统匹配模型和系统性能仿真模型,分别计算分析了压缩机转速、环境条件对系统性能的影响,计算结果表明其符合实际情况,并针对蒸发器扁管长度进行优化设计,其长度减少9.3%,系统能耗降低12.8%,系统COP值(能效比,即制冷量与功耗比值)提高了2.0%。

In this paper,the systematic matching and performance analysis of parallel flow heat exchanger with microchannel are studied.An automotive air conditioner has been built in simulation,on the basis of the principle of design and development.Experimental data of the microchannel heat exchanger verifies the accuracy of the numerical models.The results show that the cooling pressure drop,air side pressure drop,and the maximum deviation of heat transfer from the designed model are 17.16%,10.72%and 9.27%respectively,which satisfy the system matching and performance.Based on such modelling,the rotating speed of the compressor,environmental conditions,and the overall systematic performance have been analysed.The numerical results conform the real working condition.This simulation has also assisted the optimal design of the evaporator,in terms of reducing the length of the flat tube by 9.3%,thereby decreases the system energy consumption by 12.8%,and improves the system COP value(the ratio of cooling capacity to the power consumption)by 2.0%.