γ-谷氨酰转移酶促进恶性肿瘤发生与发展的研究进展

Research advances in gamma-glutamyl transferase promoting the development of cancers

γ-谷氨酰转移酶(gamma-glutamyltransferase,GGT)作为谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)代谢过程中的关键酶之一,广泛分布于人体内各组织器官中,参与细胞氧化还原调控、解毒及铁死亡等过程。GGT在多种原发性和转移性肿瘤中表达水平异常升高,而且GGT高表达与肿瘤恶性程度高及预后不良明显相关。近年来有研究认为,血清及外泌体内高GGT活性会增加多种恶性肿瘤的发病风险,并且与患者的不良预后相关,提示GGT可能是潜在的肿瘤治疗靶标和肿瘤诊断及预后判断的标志物。本文就组织及外周血中GGT表达与恶性肿瘤发生与发展的关系,以及其临床意义和调控机制的研究进展进行综述。

Gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT),a key enzyme in the metabolism of glutathione(GSH),is widely distributed in various tissues and organs of human body,and is involved in the processes of cellular redox regulation,detoxification and ferroptosis.GGT expression is abnormally elevated in a variety of primary and metastatic tumors.High level of GGT is significantly associated with the high malignancy and poor prognosis of tumors.Recent studies have suggested that high activity of GGT in serum and exosomes can increase the incidence risk of various malignant tumors,and is associated with poor prognosis,suggesting that GGT may be a potential target for tumor treatment and a marker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis.The article reviews the research advances of GGT expression in tumor tissues and peripheral blood,and its association with the occurrence and development of malignant tumors,as well as its clinical significance and regulatory mechanisms.