豫闽移民与文化的双向传播

The Immigrants Between Henan Province and Fujian Province and the Two-way Communication of Culture

南宋建立以前主要是中原移民南下,以比干文化为代表的中原正统文化因此流布南方。固始、比干等作为南下移民集体记忆的符号,是其凝聚族群和心系中原的重要叙事概念。时至清初,移驻河南与原驻福建的明郑降清官兵,以及督运他们至河南的满清官兵,这些人连同其眷属均被分散到汝宁府、南阳府等属县指定区域屯垦。与比干文化同根同源的妈祖文化在此大分散、小集中的族群空间得以顺利传播。这两种移民与文化传播的模式主要特征即是不断超越小众的族群文化,积极认同中原正统文化。

The immigrants in the central plains had been mostly down to South before the Southern Song Dynasty was established, so the orthodox culture in the central plains with Bigan culture as a representative had reached far and wide in the south. Gushi and Bigan, as the symbols of the collective memory of the immigrants heading for the south, were their important narrative concepts of uniting ethnic groups and caring about the central plains. In the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Zheng soliders of the Ming Dynasty and their families that moved to Henan or stationed in Fujian after their surrendering to Qing Dynasty and Qing soldiers that escorted them had been distributed and reclaimed in designated areas in the counties of Runing, Nanyang, etc. Mazu culture, from the same origin with Bigan culture, had been successfully spread in the ethnic space with large distribution but small concentration. The primary feature of the two modes of immigration and cultural communication was constantly surpassing minor ethnic cultures and positively identifying themselves with orthodox cultures in the central plains.