卧龙保护区人工种植大熊猫主食竹的成活率及影响因素

Survival Rates and Influencing Factors of Artificially Planted Staple Food Bamboos for Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve

对人工种植于卧龙保护区的大熊猫主食竹的生长情况进行调查,分析影响成活率的因素,结果显示:拐棍竹、蓉城竹和八月竹的竹丛成活率较高,均大于70%,篌竹、斑苦竹和油竹子为50%~60%,刺黑竹仅15.75%;2013年萌发的竹笋的成活率,拐棍竹和蓉城竹大于80%,斑苦竹、篌竹、八月竹和油竹子为50%~70%,刺黑竹仅为27.78%;刺黑竹并不适合种植于该区域。竹种自然分布海拔与种植地海拔越接近,该竹种的种植成活率越高;母竹有较多的活分株数,分株上有更多节有活的枝条,竹丛更容易成活。据此,可在以后的竹子种植和管理中采取相应措施提高成活率。

A survey on the growth of giant panda′s staple food bamboos artificially planted in Wolong Nature Reserve was conducted,and the factors affecting their survival rates were analyzed.The results showed that the clump survival rates of Fargesia robusta,Phyllostachys bissetii and Chimonobambusa szechuanensis var.szechuanensis were higher than 70%.The clump survival rates of Phyllostachys nidularia,Pleioblastus maculates and Fargesia angustissima were 50%~60%.The clump survival rate of Chimonobambusa neopurpurea was only 15.75%.The bamboo shoot survival rates of Fargesia robusta and Phyllostachys bissetiiare were higher than 80%.The bamboo shoot survival rates of Chimonobambusa szechuanensis var.szechuanensis,Phyllostachys nidularia,Pleioblastus maculates and Fargesia angustissima were 50%~70%.The bamboo shoot survival rate of Chimonobambusa neopurpurea was only 27.78%,indicating it may not suitable go grow in this region.The closer to the planting land the natural distribution elevation of the bamboo species is,the higher the survival rate is.Bamboos with more live ramets were more likely to survive.Bamboos have more nodes with live branches on the ramets were easier to survive.Thus,corresponding measures can be developed to improve the survival rates in future bamboo planting and field management.