烟台市城乡脑卒中危险因素的暴露水平比较分析

The comparative analysis of stroke risk factor exposure levels in urban and rural areas of Yantai city

目的探讨烟台市城乡居民脑卒中患病率及危险因素的暴露水平。方法采取整群抽样的方法从烟台莱州市永安路社区和平里店镇抽取≥40岁常住居民5 700人进行问卷调查和体格检查,对调查数据进行统计分析。结果烟台市脑卒中总体患病率为1.54%,城乡脑卒中患病率无明显差异。纳入调查人群中高危人群707人,占12.4%;中危人群290人,占5.09%;低危人群4 500人,占78.95%。烟台市城市组前3位危险因素是超重或肥胖、运动缺乏、高血压病;烟台市乡镇组前3位危险因素是超重或肥胖、高血压病、有脑卒中家族史。除脑卒中家族史外,烟台市城市组其他危险因素均高于烟台市乡镇组(P<0.05)。结论烟台市城市居民脑卒中危险因素的暴露水平明显高于乡镇地区;超重和肥胖已成为烟台市城乡居民首位危险因素。

Objective To study the stroke risk factor exposure levels and morbidity rate of the urban and rural residents in Yantai City.Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted to collect 5,700 permanent residents aged 40 or older from the Yong'an Road Community and Pinglidian Town in Laizhou City of Yantai for questionnaires and physical examinations.Statistical analysis was performed on the survey data.Results The overall prevalence of stroke in Yantai was 1.54%,and there was no difference in the prevalence of stroke between urban and rural areas.Among the survey population there were 707 high-risk groups,accountng for 12.4%.There were 290 cases of moderate-risk population,accounting for 5.09%.There were 4,500 lowrisk groups,accounting for 78.95%.The top 3 risk factors in the urban group of Yantai City were overweight or obesity,lack of exercise,and high blood pressure.The top 3 risk factors in the township group were overweight or obesity,hypertension,and a family history of stroke.Except for the family history of stroke,other risk factors in the city were higher than those in the townships(P<0.05).Conclusion The exposure levels of risk factors for stroke among urban residents in Yantai City were significantly higher than those in rural areas.Overweight and obesity had become the first risk factors for urban and rural residents.