语法隐喻的认知效果

Cognitive effects of grammatical metaphor

本文涉及的隐喻只限于系统功能语言学所指的语法隐喻。成分层次的语法隐喻方式是基于词汇层面上的分析 ,是将词汇当作一种语法成分 ,注重它的语法性状和功能。隐喻化成分的含量体现了语篇的隐喻度。本文设成分层面上各种隐喻方式的一次出现为该小句一个单位的隐喻度。问卷调查发现 ,受试对隐喻式与一致式的语篇识解存在差异。进一步分析测试结果得出的结论是 ,语法隐喻方式有利于认知效果的获得 ,并且隐喻度在有限条件下与语篇关联度和所能取得的认知效果成正比关系。

Grammatical metaphor in this paper refers to elementary grammatical metaphor in SFG, which concentrates on words' grammatical functions, thus completely different from lexical metaphor. Metaphoricity presumes an index that is gradated in this paper to describe the quantity of the grammar metaphor in a text. With two groups of college students' questionnaires, the positive study brings forth the following results: there is quite a difference between the two groups in construing congruent texts and metaphorical texts. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the metaphorical text helps subjects make better cognitive effects, and under certain circumstances, metaphoricity is in direct proportion to the cognitive effects and the relevance of the text as well. This is unexpectedly contrary to the common view that “the more metaphorical the text remains, the more difficult it is to be understood”