言表与言效行为的协作准则

The Principle of Locutionary and Perlocutionary Cooperation

适应于语言内与语言外目标对象的言表行为和言效行为协作的差异在于:言表协作是两个说话者在协作准则基础之上为了对有意设置的意义进行编码和解码而必须置于文本中的协作量。言效协作则是两个说话者为了取得说话者或听话者希望从话语中获得的预期目标而必须置于文本(情形)中的协作量。要对话语隐涵意义做出成功推断需要注意言表与言效这二个准则的协作以及其协作层次。

This paper brings forward an argument for distinguishing the difference between locutionary and perlocutionary cooperation to linguistic and extra-linguistic goals. The difference lies in the fact that LC is the amount of cooperation, based on the CP, that two speakers must put into the text in order to encode and decode its intended meaning; while PC is the amount of cooperation two speakers must put into the text/situation to achieve the goals that the speaker (or the hear) wanted to achieve with the utterance. LC and PC, as well as the two levels of cooperation, should be followed to infer the implicature of the conversation.