我国农村富余劳动力转移的制度性约束探讨

System Restrictions on Transference of Surplus Labor in the Countryside of China

农村富余劳动力的大规模转移,是我国工业化和现代化进程中必然出现的社会经济现象。引导其有序转移,是我国社会经济发展工作的一个重要问题。回顾20多年来农村富余劳动力的转移历程,制约其顺畅转移和合理流动的因素很多,但其中最主要的因素是现行的一些管理制度。本文从我国现行的户口管理制度、农村土地管理制度、农村劳动力就业培训制度、农村社会保障制度对农村劳动力向城镇聚集、向非农产业转移的制约进行分析,阐述目前我国农村富余劳动力转移的各种制度性障碍,并提出相应对策。

The transference of surplus labor in the countryside of China is an inevitable social and economic phenomenon in China's industrialization and modernization. How to guide the transference is an essential problem in the social and economic development. A review of the transference process in the past 20 years shows that the main factor of limiting the smooth and rational transference is the current systems. This paper makes an analysis of the restrictions of the domicile control system, the country's land administration system, the pre-job training and the country's social security system on the transference, and puts forward some countermeasures against this issue.