在语言困境中挣扎的诗人——浅论闻一多的语言体验

A Struggling Poet Trapped in Language——The Subtle Experience of Language by WEN Yi-duo, a Famous Poet in Modern Chinese Literature

在现代文学史上,20世纪二三十年代有一场关于语言的争论(语言工具论和本体论之争以及语言世界化和民族化之争),闻一多是在这个语言困境中挣扎的现代诗人。他虽然没有像西方海德格尔等人一样明确提出语言本体论的观点,但无论其学术著作还是文学创作都展现了他对于语言形式本身复杂的体验。闻一多对于语言的丰富体验是对语言工具论的坚定反驳,但在当时提倡世界语的背景下不可避免地遭遇痛苦、陷入孤寂的境地。

This article is to describe the delicate and complicated experience of language by WEN Yi-duo, the famous poet in modern Chinese literature. Is language only a form to convey thoughts, that is to say, language will remain nothing without the 'contents' and it can be altered or discarded anytime you want, or is language itself something meaningful, something that cannot be split into the so-called form and contents, something integral, pure and beautiful.? To WEN Yi-duo, language is the experience and flow of 'to be'. That is also why the ancient Chinese poetry is so charming. But this kind of experience of language hardly fit the times, which resulted in the painful and desperate struggle of his short lifetime.