刑法适用解释的难题——以最高人民法院对奸淫幼女的“批复”为视角

The Puzzle of the Application Interpretation of Criminal Law

最高人民法院关于奸淫幼女的"批复"以及学界对该"批复"的辩驳表明,我国刑法适用解释的基本立场急待确定,即严格解释规则、正确解释规则和生活逻辑规则。以此反观我国刑法第236条第2款的规定,可知对奸淫幼女犯罪排斥年龄认识错误辩护并不当然表示立法创制了一个不以罪过为要素的绝对责任之罪。我国学界对"批复"的辩驳暴露了学术争鸣的理论苍白与逻辑混乱,"批复"亦不能澄清关于奸淫幼女犯罪构成罪过要素的困惑。走出困境的根本出路在于完善我国法定强奸罪立法。

The reply on the question of crime of carnal knowledge of a child by the Supreme Court and the academic controversy on the reply indicate that, we must define the basic position of application interpretation of criminal law in China, including the principle of strict interpretation, the principle of right interpretation, the principle of life logic. On the basis of this basic standpoint, it claims that refusing the excuse of wrong knowledge of age of the victim doesn't necessarily implies a absolute liability offense without the element of mens rea in legislation. This academic controversy reveals the paleness in theory and confusion in lodge of academic discussion. Even the Reply can not clarify the perplexity of the element of mens rea of the statutory rape. The ultimate way to resolve this question is to improve legislation in statutory rape.