西方文艺理论因果关系思维模式刍议

A Discussion of the Theoretical Modes of the Occidental Literature Theory

研究西方文艺理论,重要的是从方法论上加以总体把握,即对本身带有方法论性质的诸理论模式进行考察。西方文艺理论几千年来基本上一直沿用着一条"因果关系决定律"模式去考察对象。但是随着历史、文化的发展和复杂化,"因果关系决定律"模式在不同的文化背景下演化为三种基本模式:理念本质论模式、辩证本质论模式和语言结构本质论模式。其中每种模式都对文艺基本问题提出了自己特有的观点和解决方法,有着特定的合理性和弊端。我们站在21世纪的入口处审视这些模式的利弊,有利于洋为中用、推陈出新,创建我们自己的理论模式,促进我们文艺研究的发展。

On the Study of the occidental literature theory, it is important to overall grasp the methodology, that is to make an investigation of the kinds of theoretical modes with methodology nature. This article suggests on the whole the occidental literature theory followed one mode of 'the causality determinism ' to make an investigation of the objects for thousands of years. But with the development and complication of the history and culture, the mode of 'the causality determinism' has evolved into three basic modes under the different cultures: idea essentialism, dialectical essentialism and linguistic structure essentialism. Among them each mode has specific rationality and drawbacks, puts forward its own peculiar view and solution to the basic problems of literature and arts. At the turning of the 21st century, looking closely at these advantages and disadvantages of these modes, we believe that can help to make foreign things serve China, get rid of the stale and bring forth the fresh, promote the development of the study of Chinese literature and arts.