伊斯兰文明与西方文明主权观之比较

A Comparison of Outlook on Sovereignty Between Islamic Civilization and Western Civilization

伊斯兰文明与西方文明在主权的归属、主权的授权和主权的运作方面观点迥然不同,前者强调主权在安拉,安拉授予人类代理权,人类理应遵循安拉的法度;后者主张主权在民,民享、民有、民治。但二者在主权观上也有一些相同或相似之处,都注重对权力的监督和制约,都追求人的福利。以文明对话代替文明冲突应是当代人的理性选择,不同文明之间应求同存异,相互尊重,相互补充,和谐发展。

Islamic Civilization and Western Civilization hold different views on the ownership,empowering and operation of sovereignty.The former stresses that Allāh owns sovereignty and authorizes his rights to man,so the man is supposed to follow Allāh's laws.However,the latter argues that people own sovereignty and everything is to the people,for the people and by the people.Anyway,the two have some in common about outlook on sovereignty.They both attach importance to supervision and restriction of rights,and pursue man's welfare.This paper argues that civilized dialogue rather than civilized conflict should be the reasonable choice of modern people, and different civilization should seek common ground while reserving differences , respect and complement each other and develop harmoniously.