论宋元及以后新兴少数民族的特点

The Characteristics of Minority Nationalities in Song,Yuan Dynasties and Newly Emerged Minorities after Song,Yuan Dynasties

宋元及以后新兴少数民族特点:一、在政治、经济和文化方面具有明显的游牧与农业双重结构,其发展方向是逐渐融合为内容更丰富的汉族,如契丹、女真和党项;二、其特点是在汉族的统一政治下,经济上全面适应农业社会,同时保留其重商传统,文化上主要吸收儒家文化,形成独具特色的回族伊斯兰教文化,如回族。

Minorities in Song, Yuan, and newly emerged minorities after Song, Yuan refer to Qidan, Nüzhen, Dangxiang and Hui-nationality, etc. their characteristics include two meanings: Firstly, it refers to newly emerged minorities in mainland of China, such as Qidan, Nüzhen and Dangxiang. The societies of these minorities have obvious dual-fabric of the nomad and agricultural societies in politics and economy as well as culture, and gradually, they have been merged into the Han-nationality. Secondly, it refers to the new nationality originated from adventive's nationalities bred in China, such as Hui-nationality, it belongs to unite politics of Hannationality in politics, entirely adapts its economy to agriculture society and retains its tradition of commerce, in culture it mainly absorbs the culture of Confucianism. It has gradually formed unique Islamic culture of Hui nationality.