陈鹤琴关于幼儿心理特点和幼儿智力开发思想述略

An review of Chen Heqing's thought about children's psychological characteristics and the development of their intelligence

陈鹤琴认为,科学育儿首先要了解幼儿、研究幼儿;针对幼儿好动的心理特点,游戏、音乐等活动是“发展幼儿智力的钥匙”,感觉训练是幼儿认识环境的基础,是幼儿智力开发的重要环节;在教育活动中开发幼儿智力,应注意掌握刺激的原则、联念的原则、动作的原则及开发幼儿智力的具体作法。陈鹤琴先生关于幼儿心理特点和幼儿智力开发的思想,充分体现了他的“活教育”的主张。

According to Mr. Chen, to educate children in a scientific way, it is necessary to understand children and make research on them. According to children's psychological characteristics of being fond of activity, games and music are the key of developing their intelligence and the sensing exercises are the base of their knowing environment as well as the important key of developing their intelligence. In the educational activities of developing children's intelligence, we should pay attention to the principle of stimulation, association and action and the concrete operation methods of developing children's intelligence. Mr. Chen's thought about children's psychological characteristics and the development of their intelligence fully demonstrate his view about 'active education'.