论17世纪早期英国文风变迁的文化动因

On the Cultural Causes for the Change from the Elizabethan Emphasis on Art to theCompressed and Concise Style of the Early Seventeenth Century

17世纪早期,英国文学艺术风格明显地表现出背离伊丽莎白时期的重文采、重语言的美学风格,转而重描述简洁、语言朴实、言简意赅的作品。促成英国文风转向的文化动因主要有五个因素。一是质朴而通俗的英国民众语言的影响;二是清教文化的影响;三是机智短诗的影响;四是塞内加文风的影响;五是莎士比亚、培根等一批时代巨人的影响。在这种种不同文化因素的影响下,17世纪早期的英国文风呈现出与伊丽莎白时期文风截然不同的风格,对英国文学史进程产生了深远的影响。

The literary style of the early seventeenth century shows a marked turn away from the Elizabethan emphasis on art to the compressed and concise style. This essay studies the cultural causes for the change from the following aspects: 1.the influence of the plain and direct speech of thecommon folk; 2.the influence of the Puritan culture; 3.epigram's influence; 4.the influence of Senecan models; 5.the influence of the giants such as Shakespeareand Bacon. Thus though the period of the early seventeenth century is short, itdisplays distinctive literary characteristics of its own and has its own importance in the brilliant long English literary history.