全球化时代的西方福利经济制度

Globalization and Western Welfare States in Transition

全球化给福利经济国家带来了巨大的挑战。西方福利经济国家的经济、社会和政治受全球化的影响已经发生和正在继续着深刻的变化。但福利经济制度依然很好地维系着社会保护的逻辑功能 ,并且成功地使得福利国家的社会进步和经济发展能够稳定、长期地相互促进性的增长。福利经济的发展历程其实是串构了 2 0世纪经济学的流派演绎 ,实践了凯恩斯主义、货币主义和供给主义的一脉相承性 ,也是对凯恩斯主义在今天全球化开放经济环境中的依然有效性的检验。全球化与西方福利经济制度的变革 。

Globalization has brought about tremendous changes in the Western welfare states, but the welfare state continuously maintains its logic of social protection and successfully brings the social and economic sectors together in a mutually supporting, positive-sum relationship. This paper presents a positive review with comparisons between globalization and the welfare state innovation , an d constructively comments on China's social security development. It begins with an introduction to globalization and economic internationalization, including a real world of trade-offs, foreign direct investment (FDI) and multi-national corporations and Keynesian Bretton Woods. It then explores the end of full e mploy ment in a globalizing world, including the demise of Bretton Woods in the course of the economic globalization, the mal-function of Keynesian demands management, the decrease of public sector employment and the increase of non-standard employment as a minus income maintenance (social protection). It then traces t he tremendous influence of globalization upon the social and political system of the welfare state, including capital vs. politics, globalization and national sovereignty restraint. This is followed by an examination of the track of globalization and Western welfare state innovation, including a retrospect of the historical development of the welfare state, which is regarded as the main thread, through the evolutional process of the main schools of economics in the 20th century. The paper concludes that Keynesianism still works in a globalizing world. It examines at the China's reforms and social security construction implications of a globalizing economy within the recent decades, and constructively comments on Ch ina's social security reform and development.