人的尊严:启蒙运动的重新定位——世界化现代化进程中的中国文化变迁

Human Dignity:Re-positioning of the Enlightenment Movement—Chinese Cultural Changes in the Process of Globalization and Modernization

启蒙运动伴随着中国现代化进程而发端。由民粹主义与威权体制导致启蒙走向反启蒙。二十世纪八十年代 ,中国启蒙在“解放思想 ,实事求是”中得以复兴。它和二十世纪初的启蒙相比 ,一个最显著的特征 ,就是和中国政治、经济、文化及社会改革紧密结合在一起 ,彼此积极互动。所谓理性专擅 ,实际上抹煞了目的理性 ,将整个理性等同于工具理性 ,以工具理性压倒目的理性。但真正的问题是理性缺位而不是理性专擅 ,是在挑战中提升启蒙而不是否定启蒙。

The enlightenment movement, which accompanied China's modernization, evolved from enlightenment to anti-enlightenment due to populism and power system. In the 1980's, “emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts” brought about the revival of China's enlightenment. Compared with the enlightenment in the early 20 th century, it is characterized by the notable feature that it is closely integrated and interacted with China's politics,economy, culture and social reforms.The so-called rational authority actually obliterated target [object] rationality and equated rationality with instrumental rationality, and overwhelm target [object] rationality with instrumental rationality. However, the real issue is the absence of rationality, rather than the authority of rationality, so that enlightenment should be elevated through challenges but not negated.