唐代地方运使述略

A Statement of the Local Conveyors in the Tang Dynasty

唐代有中央运使和地方运使。地方运使与中央运使的区别,要把运使的本官行政空间属性、职能和施政范围三个因素结合起来考察。唐代地方运使可分为三种类型。陕州和河南运使,是"漕达于京师而足国用"的一定时期内固定的地方运使。河西、朔方、代北、范阳和平卢淄青运使,是在边境方镇,为"漕以自资"或物资交换而设,多由节度使充任的一定时期内固定的地方运使。鄂州运使和淮颍水运使,是两个较特殊的地方运使。

There were local conveyors as well as central conveyors in the Tang Dynasty and to study their differences, we should analyze from three integrated aspects, which are the spatial properties, the functions and the boundaries of the conveyors' administration. The local conveyors in the Tang Dynasty can be divided into three types: The conveyors of Shanzhou and Henan who were regular conveyors in a certain period of time belong to the first type and they were in charge of the supplies of the central government; the conveyors of Hexi, suofang, Daibei, Fanyang andPingluziqing on the border who were also regular in a period of time belong to the second type. They were military commissioners as well and in charge of the supplies of the frontier towns and the overflow of commodities. The conveyor of Ezhou and the Huaiying conveyor in charge of the water transport belong to the third type and they are two special ones.