外来词的借入方式和汉化方式——兼论外来词的分类

How does Chinese Borrow its Foreign words and Makethem to be Chinese? -A Study of Loanword Classification

外来词是其他语言符号的借入,作为一种符号的借入,是形式和内容同时借入,即外来词是以语音一语义方式借入,加入文字的因素,则是以字形一语音、语义的方式借入。根据外来词的借入方式,可以把外来词分为借音词、借形词、借音借形词三大类。外来词借外语词语形、音、义结合方式的同时,又融入了汉语词语形、音、义结合方式。外来词中的汉语形、音、义结合方式便是汉语对外语词语的汉化改造。经过汉化,外语词语才成为进入汉语系统的外来词。

Loanwords are an input from foreign symbols, including both forms and contents. Borrowing takes place in a way of sound and meaning. If writing is considered, that will be a way of written form-sound-meaning borrowing. According to the way of borrowing, Chinese loanwords group into 3 types: sound loaning, form loaning, and sound & form loaning. Before entering into Chinese, the loanwords are reformed in sound, form and meaning in accordance with the way a Chinese word is combined. Only after that, those foreign words can be accessible to the Chinese system.