共产国际代表与中国非基督教运动

The Representatives of the Communist International and the Anti-Christian Movement in China

爆发于 2 0世纪 2 0年代的中国非基督教运动 ,是在俄共 (布 )与共产国际远东局、青年国际的直接指导下 ,由中国共产党发起并领导 ,也包括国民党等组织成员参与的政治斗争。俄共及共产国际将不断发展的基督教及其事业 ,以及在中国青年中滋长的亲美思想 ,视为中国人走俄国革命道路的障碍 ,因此 ,发动非基督教运动旨在打击西方在华宗教势力 ,削弱西方影响 ,唤起中国青年的民族主义情绪 ,并且在青年中扩大共产党的影响。他们通过反对基督教会实现反帝目标的策略在实践中获得一定成效。但基督教在中国社会生活中的地位毕竟与东正教在俄国的情况有很多差别 ,共产国际代表以俄国革命反宗教斗争的经验 ,来影响中国的非基督教运动 ,不免有过左的倾向 。

The Anti Christian Movement in China in the 1920s was a political struggle directed by the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik) and the Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist International, sponsored and led by the CCP and joined by members of the Guomindang and other organizations. The Russian Communist Party and the Communist International regarded the steady development of Christianity and growing pro American feeling among Chinese youths as obstacles to getting the Chinese people to follow the Russian road of revolution. Therefore, the aim of the Anti Christian Movement was to combat Western religious forces in China, weaken the West's influence, arouse nationalist feelings in young Chinese, and extend the influence of the Communist Party among Chinese youths. The movement's policy was to use the fight against Christianity to achieve its goal of resisting imperialism. This policy made definite gains, however the status of Christianity in Chinese society was different from that of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Russia. The measures taken by representatives of the Communist International to influence the Anti Christian Movement in China, based as they were on experiences of anti religious struggle in the Russian revolution, were prone to be too leftist, and this tendency didn't begin to be corrected until the end of Red Army's Long March.