生存型实用文化与李约瑟问题

Pragmatic Culture for Substance and Needham's Questions

宗教生活与世俗生活的二重化,折射为超越实用的对世界奥秘的理论旨趣,构成西方古代科学发展的主要动力。近现代西方追求资本积累的“扩张型实用主义文化”,则是把科学技术转化为生产力的巨大动力。二者的结合是西方的现代化浪潮产生的重要因素。而以儒家思想为主导的中国传统文化则是建立在封闭型自然经济基础上“入世”的生存型实用文化,它使理论创造与技术创新囿于落后的农业实践,既未能产生抽象科学,也缺乏将科学技术转化为生产力的动力,这是近代科学未在中国产生的根本性原因之一。

The academic interest of the secret of the world produced from the duality of religion life from worldly life constructs the main motivation of the development of ancient western science. The'expanding pragmatic culture' produced from capital accumulation pursued by modern western society is the great impulse to transform science and technology into productive forces. The combination of the two mainly leads to the western modernization wave. The Chinese traditional culture dominated by Confucianism is the culture of pragmatism concern of substance based on closed natural economy, which binds the theoretical creation and technology in the farm practices and is unable to produce the abstract science and the motivation of transformation of science and technology to productive forces. This is the one of the basic reasons why modern science was not originated in China.