生态伦理:从人类中心主义转向生物中心主义——对史怀泽“敬畏生命”理念的阐释

Transference in Bioethics from Anthropocentricism to Biocentrism: A Review of Schweitzer's Idea of " Reverence Toward Life

“敬畏生命”是史怀泽伦理思想体系的核心。“敬畏生命”中的生命,不是仅指人类,更强调包括人类在内的地球上所有有生命的生物。史怀泽认为,人的存在不是孤立的,有赖于其他生命和整个世界的和谐;任何生命都有平等的存在价值,但只有人才能承担起“敬畏生命”的道德责任。以史怀泽“敬畏生命”理念为核心的生命伦理学在当今仍然不断发展,并显示出强大的生命力。

Reverence Toward Life' is the core of Schweitzer s philosophical thinking in which the . 'life' refers to all living things on the earth as well as human being. In his opinion, the existence of human being relies on the harmonious existence of other life forms and the natural world in which any forms of life have equal right to live. Only human beings, however, are able to take the moral responsibility of 'revering life'. Bioethics which takes Schweitzer's philosophical thinking of 'Reverence Toward Life' as the core theory is now developing with its great vitality.