论邓小平的权力制约观

On Power under Proper Checks and Restraints Advanced by DENG Xiao-ping

权力的使用具有双重效应,可以为社会和公众服务,也可以用来谋取私利。权力制约思想是资产阶级思想家在反封建斗争中提出来的。三权分立是资产阶级国家的立法原则,适应的是资产阶级内部权力分配与调节的需要。邓小平反对搞三权分立,但他主张对权力进行制约。制约权力,一要解决思想问题,除批判资产阶级自由化外,还要继续肃清思想政治方面封建主义的残余影响;二要解决制度问题,要建立和健全一系列制约权力的获得、权力的行使、权力运行后果的制度。

One′s power conferred by the people could be either used in the interest of both the society and the public or abused for his or her personal gains. The concept that the power should be placed under proper checks and restraints is advocated by bourgeois thinkers who are strongly against the feudal ideology. 'Separation of powers', the basic principle of the Western legislation, perfectly meets their demand for power distribution and regulation. Though not in favor of 'Separation of powers', DENG Xiaoping strongly holds that one′s power conferred by the people ought to be placed under proper checks and constraints. Firstly, not only the remnants of the feudalism should be eliminated but also the bourgeois liberalization should be criticized; secondly, the system which restricts the attaiment and exercise of the power should be established and strengthened.