长江上游水土流失成因及治理模式研究——以重庆市城口县为例

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO SOIL EROSION IN UPPER REACHES OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER——TAKING CHENKOU COUNTY AS AN EXAMPLE

水土保持工作是一项直接关系三峡工程和“南水北调”工程的重要工作,也是西部生态环境建设的重要内容之一。以“长治”工程重点县——城口县为例,研究其水土流失成因及治理模式。该县位于重庆市最北端,既是“长治”工程重点县,也是“南水北调”工程中线引水方案丹江口水库上游水土保持工作重点县。该县水土流失比较严重,流失面积高达1728.67km^2,占全县土地总面积的52.61％。造成水土流失的主要原因既有自然因素,又有人为因素,但其资源相当丰富,为水土流失治理模式提供了较好的基础条件。在分析其水土流失成因基础上,结合该县的资源优势和实际情况,提出其水土流失治理的模式和途径,以期进一步推进该县生态环境建设、加强水土保持工作,为长江上游贫困山区县的水土保持工作探索比较合适的模式和途径。

Water and soil conservation task is an important job related to TGP project and to water from south to north, and it is one of important contents of west environment construction. In this paper, taking Chengkou county as an example, factors contributing to soil erosion were studied. This county, located in the north of Chongqing municipality, is not only a major county in the Changjiang River's water and soil conservation but also a major county of water and soil conservation in the upper reaches of Dan Jiang Kou Reservoir, which was the key project of the water from—south—to—north transportation. The soil erosion was very serious in the county, with its area being 1 728.67 km^2 accounting for about 52.61% of the whole county's area. The main factors, forming the soil erosion, were man—made factors as well as the natural. At the same time, there were abundant nature resources, that formed preferable basic condition for harness mode of soil erosion in the county. The authors put forward soil erosion harness modes and ways, based on the contributing factors of soil erosion, The aim of this paper was to advance environment construction and enhance water and soil conservation in Chengkou county, and to probe into a appropriate mode and way for water and soil conservation in poor mountain area county located in upper reaches of the Changjiang River.