纤支镜检查在胸液病因诊断中的作用

Diagnosis of pleural effusion by fiberoptic bronchoscopy

本文报告48例胸液患者的纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)检查结果。其中20例胸片示有肺内病变的胸液患者(Ⅰ组)纤支镜诊断肺癌和结核的阳性率分别为72.7％和40.0％,另28例无肺内病变胸液患者(Ⅱ组)的肺癌和结核的纤支镜诊断阳性率分别为37.5％和0。该结果表明,纤支镜检查不仅对胸片上有肺内病变的胸液有较高的病因诊断率,而且也有助于无肺内病变癌性胸液的诊断。

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy(FB)was carried out in 48 patients with pleural effusion. In twenty patients(group I)with roentgenographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates, atelectasis, or mass lesions, FB made diagnosis in 8 of 11 patients with lung carcinoma and 2 of 5 cases with TB(positive rate 72.7% and 40.0% respectively). In other 28 patients with lone pleural effusion (group Ⅱ), FB demonstrated lung carcinoma in 3 patients, ultimately, eight cases were found to have lung carcinoma(37.5%). None of 13 patients with TB pleural effusion had positive result in FB. We concluded that FB is valuable in diagnosis of pleural effusion with and without infiltrates, ateloctasis or mass le- sions in chest X--ray, mainly for pleural effusion caused by lung carcinoma.