关系的探究与调整:西方家庭治疗的新视角

The Probe and Adjustment of Relations: A New Perspective of Western Family Therapy

传统心理疗法一直注重对个体的考察和干预,这种抽象化的治疗方式在二战后受到以一般系统论代表的新思维模式的冲击,家庭治疗在这种背景下应运而生。家庭治疗强调人际关系,特别是家庭关系,认为个体不是孤立的,只有当其处于一定关系中才能得到说明和理解,个体的心理问题实际上是关系的问题,所以它的解决有赖于关系的调整和变化。在这样的前提下,家庭治疗家们从不同的侧面进行了深入的探讨,提出了一些颇具启发意义的理论观点和应对技术。家庭治疗是对传统心理疗法的重要补充和扩展,当有很大的发展空间。

Traditional psychotherapies had put emphasis on individual intervention. Since War World Ⅱ family therapy has developed and focused on human relations between family members under the influence of General System Theory. Family therapy holds that some specific family relations cause individual's mental problem. Therefore, comprehending the internal process is neither possible nor necessary. It is of great importance to analyze and change the family relations. Family therapy is a new approach on psychotherapies, which can add to the traditional psychotherapies.