试论团练大臣与双重统治格局

The Chancellery of Tuanlian and dual-regnant structure

团练大臣是19世纪中期中国传统双重统治格局受到重大挑战和清廷调整统治结构、重建统治秩序过程中的产物。团练大臣在有清二百余年中只存在了十年左右,但其发端、定型、演变,以及最终被取消的过程,却反映了双重统治格局中上下层统治相互间的关联与斗争、力量对比的变化、发展的多元走向和必然趋势。本文通过对团练大臣和其时双重统治格局的研究探讨,为人们认识中国传统社会的运转方式、固有道路及发展趋势提供了一个不可多得的样板。

In the middle-term of the 19th century, the traditional dual-regnant structure of Qing Dynasty faced great challenge. In order to regulate reign structure and reconstruct the government system, the Chancellery of Tuanlian appeared.The Chancellery of Tuanlian only existed for about 10 years in the long history of Qing Dynasty, however, its origin, settlement, transformation and final cancellation reflected relations and struggles among high, middle and low levels in the dual-regnant structure, and their changing comparison,multi-oriental development, dooming trends.This article analyzes the Chancellery of Tuanlian and the traditional dual-regnant structure in 19th century China,brings a precious model for searchers to understand the running system, inherent ways and developing trends in the traditional Chinese society.