湖南地区口腔黏膜下纤维性变流行趋势变化(附278例回顾性研究)

Epidemiological changes of oral submucous fibrosis in hunan: a retrospective study of 278 cases

目的 :观察湖南地区口腔黏膜下纤维性变 (OSF)流行趋势。方法 :对 2 78例OSF患者的年龄、性别、职业、地区来源、咀嚼槟榔时间、频率、主要症状、病变部位、张口度等临床资料进行分析。结果 :OSF患者平均年龄3 4.5岁 ,男女性别比为 94.6∶5 .4,OSF发病以司机、公务员、商人、警察等职业为多 ,湖南各地区都发现OSF患者。OSF患者典型临床表现为黏膜刺激痛、黏膜苍白、张口受限、纤维条索。其它症状有舌功能障碍 ,黏膜水疱、溃疡、烧灼痛等 ,病变部位以口腔后份为主 ,病变部位越靠前 ,范围越广 ,张口度越小 ,病变程度越严重 ( p <0 .0 0 5 ) .结论 :湖南地区OSF流行趋于年轻化 ,以男性为主 ,OSF发病覆盖全省各地区 ,OSF在某些职业中发病率较高 ,OSF患者到医院就诊大多为中晚期 ,临床症状、体征明显 ,病变部位与疾病严重程度 (即张口度 )

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological changes of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in Hunan.Method:The age, sex, occupation, address, time and frequency of chewing betel nut, clinical features, sites of lesion, as well as the mouth opening were studied in 278 patients.Result:The mean age was 34.5 years, the male to female ratio was 94.5:5.4. the incidence were mainly seen in drivers, businessmen, civil servants and policemen. The patients distrbute in every district in Hunan. The main clinical features were stimulating pain, mucosal blanching, fibrous bands, gradual inability to open the mouth, burning, ulcers, vesicle and inability to move tongue, the site of leisions were common at the back of the mouth, as the disease increases in severity, bands were more likely to be found anteriorly as well (p<0.005).Conclusion:The epidemiological trend of OSF in Hunan is changing: The patients become younger and were predominantly seen in male. The patients distribute in every district in Hunan, not localized only in Xiangtan. The incidence were high in some occupations. Most patients to clinics were in middle or advanced period. So clinical features were obvious.The site of leisions were related to severity of the disease.