藏族大学生的民族认同

ETHNIC IDENTITY OF TIBETAN UNDERGRADUATES

个体从自己的母体文化进入陌生的异文化后 ,一方面面临着民族认同的困境 ,另一方面面临着文化适应的考验 ,同时还面临着心理疏离感的困扰。本研究以 2 85名藏族大学生为被试 ,研究了藏族大学生的民族认同。研究结果表明 :(1)藏族大学生的民族认同主要包括消极的民族认同、积极的民族认同和主流文化认同等三方面。民族认同的不同方面其影响因素互有差异 ,但总体而言 ,汉族朋友的数量、父母的民族身份、学习汉语的时间以及汉族的接受性等可以预测藏族大学生的民族认同。 (2 )民族认同的不同成分与不同的文化适应策略之间存在着广泛的正相关或负相关。 (3)消极的民族认同与失范感、社会孤立感和文化分离感之间存在着显著的正相关 ,而同自我分离感之间相关并不显著 ;而主流文化认同和积极的民族认同与失范感、社会孤立感、文化分离感、自我分离感之间的相关都不显著。

As a member of minority nationalities, after Tibetan undergraduates entered other cultures from their familiar mother culture, on the one hand, they faced dilemma of ethnic identity, on the other hand, they faced torture of acculturation, and at the same time, they also faced disturbance of mental alienation. Combining with qualitative and quantitative study, this study employed 285 Tibetan undergraduates to examine relationships among Tibetan undergraduates, ethnic identity, acculturation and mental alienation. The results showed that:1,Tibetan undergraduates, ethnic identity mainly involved in three aspects: negative ethnic identity, positive ethnic identity and mainstream culture identity. Different aspects of ethnic identity were affected by different factors. But generally speaking, Tibetan undergraduates, ethnic identity might be predicted by the number of Han nationality friends, by the time of learning Chinese, by parents' nationality identity and the reception of Han nationality.2,There existed abroad positive correlation or negative correlation between ethnic identity and acculturation strategies.3, There existed remarkable positive correlation between negative ethnic identity and normlessness, social loneliness and culture separation;But there was no remarkable correlation between host culture identity and positive ethnic identity and normlessness, social isolation,culture separation and self-separation.