值得运动心理学家探索的6个问题

SIXQUESTIONS IN COMPETITIVESPORT PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH

长期以来 ,运动心理学在竞技运动领域面对的 6个问题包括 :1)哪些心理学指标可以标志和预测训练型和比赛型运动员 ?2 )如何界定、监测和控制长时期大运动量训练和比赛中的心理疲劳 ?3)达到最佳竞技状态的必要心理条件是什么 ?4 )运动员最佳竞技状态时大脑的工作情况有哪些特征 ?5 )运动员精英与其他领域精英的自我发展有何异同 ?6 )有运动智力吗 ?从理论和实践两个方面对这 6个问题进行了分析 ,提出了解决这些问题的思路。同时指出 ,对这些问题的探索将有助于运动心理学为母科学心理学的发展做出贡献。

In long time the problems that sport psychology has faced in the area of professional sports include: 1) which psychological indicators can be used to differentiate training-type from competition-type of athletes? 2) How to define, monitor and control the mental fatigue formed in the long time and intensive training and competitions? 3) What are the necessary mental conditions for getting into the state of peak performance? 4) What are the characteristics of brains' function during athletes' peak performance? 5) What are the common attributes and different features in the process of development of self among elite athletes and elite people in other fields? 6) Is there sport intelligence? These six problems were analyzedin line of theory and practice. The approaches to solve these problemswere also proposed. It is pointed out that the exploration of these problems will help sport psychology to make contribution to the development of its mother science, i.e. psychology.