古老东方的西西弗斯——屈原生命历程的修辞学阐释

Sisyphus in Ancient China——A Rhetorical Exposition of Qu Yuan's Life

屈原是中国古代传统士人精神的杰出代表。他生活在一个充满荒谬的非理性世界之中,他的生命就是反抗荒谬的生命。屈原作品和他的生命历程息息相关而又一一对应,作品的不同体式和风格与他心绪、理性思考所得也存在着对应关系。这正符合艺术修辞学所包含的信念,即创作主体的作品和他创作作品时的心态存在对应关系。后结构主义者德鲁兹建构了一套社会发展历程的模式:符码化——超苻码化——解符码化——再符码化。这个模式所反映的矛盾的结构运动和屈原的生命历程及其代表作存在对应关系。从这三者出发,可以对屈原生命历程作一修辞学上的阐释。

Qu Yuan, a key figure representing traditional Chinese scholars, lived in a world of irrationalism and turbulence, and hence Qu' s life was a life struggling against ridicules, Qu Yuan' s literary works, a vivid reflection of his life experiences, had a corresponding relationship with his sentiments and rational thoughts via various forms and styles. This fits in with a belief entailed in the artistic rhetoric, which is, 'there exists a corresponding relationship between a piece of literary work and the writer' s mindsets in writing that. According to the social development mode put forward by the post-structuralist Gilles Deleuze, consisting of encoding-ultra encoding and reencoding, its contradictory structural movement has a corresponding relationship with Qu Yuan' s life experiences and his masterpieces. Proceeding from the three factors, the present author gives a rhetorical exposition of Qu' s life journey.