祁连山及黑河流域降雨量的分布特征分析

Analysis on Distribution Character of Rainfall over Qilian Mountain and Heihe Valley

利用祁连山及其周围42个气象站的降水资料,采用EOF,REOF等方法,分析了祁连山区年降雨量的空间变化趋势,并将其分为3个部分。进而采用网格分析法和GIS技术结合的方法,针对黑河流域所在的祁连山中东部的降水分布,进行年降雨量分布的拟合研究,着重分析了模拟雨量场在空间上的复杂变化。结果表明,应用该方法对黑河流域的祁连山区局地降水分布能够很好地模拟,局地降雨量和气象站观测资料基本吻合,同时网格场的降水分布更能反映出山区的复杂地形,其雨量分布为黑河流域的用水分配提供了一定的科学依据。

Using the EOF and REOF methods and rainfall data of 42 weather stations in Qilian mountain and its surroundings, the spatial variation of annual rainfall in Qilian mountains is summarily analysed and divided three subregions. By combining grid analysis method, GIS technology, as well as aiming at rainfall distribution in the middle and east of Qilian mountains, the fitting study of annual rainfall is done and the complex variation of simulated rainfall in space is analyzed. The results show that the local rainfall distribution can be obtained by applying those methods, local rainfall and the observed rainfall at station are identical, at the same time, the terrain of Qilian mountain area can be reflected by local rainfall of grids, and its rainfall distribution provides the scientific basis for the water source distribution in Heihe valley.