20世纪90年代我国区域高等教育公平与效率变化的实证研究

A Study on the Equity and Efficiency of Area Higher Education in China from 1990 to 2000

公平和效率是各国高等教育发展中存在的重要问题之一。一般认为公平和效率在理论上和宏观上是可以统一的,并能够得到协调发展和可持续发展。然而,从微观和实践层面上分析却往往会发现存在一种矛盾现象,似乎是一个不可调和的两难问题。我国省(市)高等教育发展的公平与效率就是当前急需关注的一个典型的、具体的问题。通过对反映我国1999年和2000年各省(市)高等教育和经济发展状况的多指标进行聚类、相关等统计分析,考察了我国20世纪90年代高等教育区域公平和效率的发展变化特征,并通过对二者量化关系的揭示,对我国省(市)20世纪90年代高等教育公平与效率问题进行了实证分析和评估,并对我国未来省(市)高等教育的进一步发展提出了相应的对策和建议。

The problem of equity and efficiency is one of the important problems in the development of higher education in many countries. It is generally thought that equity and efficiency can be integrated theoretically and macrocosmically, and can keep harmonious and maintaining development. However, they are usually contradictory microcosmically and practically, and seem to be a problem in dilemma that cannot be reconciled. The equity and efficiency of provincial higher education in China is a typical and concrete problem to which we should pay more attention at present. In this paper, through making some statistical and correlation analysis of the indexes in 1990 and 2000, which reflect the development condition of higher education, and economy in China, we review the development and change features of the equity and efficiency of area higher education in 1990s in China , and make a demonstrational analysis and evaluation of the equity and efficiency of higher education in China from 1990 to 2000 by revealing the quantitative relation between them, then propose some relevant countermeas-ures and suggestion to the further development of higher education in China in the future.