论教育对经济的三维影响

Three-dimensional Influences on Economy Exerted by Education

历史地看,教育在远古时代萌芽时就显现出自身的经济功能,我国古代的教育家对教育的经济价值有朴素的认识,到了封建社会一些学者认识到教育对经济具有双重性质的影响。西方近代的科学技术革命以及资本主义生产方式的确立促进了教育的发展,教育的经济价值日益凸现,但是二次大战之后,一些独立国家的教育发展并没有带来预期的经济效益。历史和现实折射出教育对经济的影响具有三个维度的作用:正向促进作用、零作用和负面促退作用。这一认识对当下的教育改革具有多层面的指导意义。

From historical point of view, education has demonstrated economic function in its embryonic stage from the time immemorial. In ancient times, Chinese educationists have a simple cognition of economic value of education, and in the feudal society, some scholars have acknowledged the double influences on economy exerted by education. In the western countries, modern science and technology and the establishment of capitalist mode of production has promoted the development of education, and economic value of education became predominant. However, after World War Ⅱ, the education in some independent countries has not yielded an expected economic value. History and reality have reflected the three-dimensional function of the influences on economy exerted by education; positive, non-effective, and negative.