灭螺植物资源的开发利用研究

A study on exploitation and utilization of plant resources for killing Oncomelania hupensis

利用我国灭螺植物资源的优势 ,对32种药用植物[1]进行了灭螺实验 ,并从中筛选出5种对水陆两栖型钉螺(Oncomelaniahupensis)毒杀作用强烈、资源丰富、对环境污染较小的植物。研制了植物颗粒剂和植物粉剂两种灭螺剂型用于灭螺实验。实验结果表明 :植物颗粒灭螺剂对钉螺有强烈的毒杀作用 ,钉螺取食颗粒剂后24h死亡率分别达84 8%～100 % ,其毒杀效果明显优于相同植物的其它灭螺方法 ,对钉螺致死时间比1×10-3g/l氯硝柳胺化学灭螺剂提前12～24h。与其他植物灭螺方法比较 ,具有应用广泛、简便实用的特点 ,为利用植物资源进行灭螺提供了一种新的方法。

Oncomelania hupensis killing experiments with 32 medicinal plants were carried out by taking superiorities of Chinas Oncomelania hupensis killing plant resources.Five of them selected from the 32 plants are proved to be most effective,rich in resources and less pollutive to environment.Plant granules and powder are developed for killing O.hupensis.Results show that the granules can gain powerful O.hupensis killing effect.The mortality of O.hupensis 24h after taking the plant granules is 84.8%～100%.The effect is evidently much better than those of the other methods.The discussed plant granules can kill the O.hupensis 12～24h earlier than Niclosamidum(1×10-3g/l).In comparison with other methods,the granular method can be used more widely and conveniently,and it may be a new one for killing O.hupensis in terms of plant resources utilization.