水蚀风蚀交错带小流域生态环境综合治理模式研究

Study on comprehensive control model of small watershed eco environment in water and wind crisscrossed erosion zone

:水蚀风蚀交错带是黄土高原侵蚀最严重的地区和黄河下游河床粗泥沙的主要来源区 ,其生态环境脆弱、治理难度大 ,加之晋陕蒙能源基地的大规模开发 ,也带来了新的环境问题。鉴于治黄和煤田开发及生态环境整治的紧迫需要 ,以水蚀风蚀交错带六道沟小流域为试区 ,分析研究了该区水蚀风蚀时空分布规律及脆弱生态环境特征 ,提出以防治水蚀和风蚀为中心 ,以提高生态经济效益和持续发展为目标 ,以基本农田优化结构和高效利用及植被建设为重点 ,建立具有防蚀固沙兼高效生态经济功能的大农业复合生态系统综合治理模式 。

The water and wind crisscrossed erosion zone on the Loess Plateau is the most serious soil eroded area and the majorsource place of the coarse sediments in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.Meanwhile,the large scale coal resources exploitation in Shanxi Shaanxi Inner Mongolia energy base has resulted in some new environmental problems.In view of the urgent requirements for coal reserve exploitation and comprehensive management of the eco environment,the present paper,taking Liudaogou small watershed in water and wind crisscrossed erosion zone as an example, analyses the temporal and spatial distribution law and the characteristics of soil erosion.Raises that in order to gain excellent social and economic benefits,it is necessary to develop a comprehensive control model of agricultural complex ecosystem capable of control erosion,dune fixation as well as possessing high efficient eco economic benefits by taking water and wind erosion control as the focus,improvement of eco economic benefits and sustainable development as the objective,and optimization of farmland structure,effective use of farmland as well as vegetation rehabilitation as the key.