长白山北坡亚高山云冷杉林的植物种类组成及重要值

The composition and important value of plant species in subalpine spruce fir forest on the northern slope of Changbai Mts.

采用典型抽样方法 ,对长白山北坡不同海拔高度带云冷杉林的植物种类组成及重要值进行了初步研究。结果表明 ,长白山北坡不同海拔高度带云冷杉林的建群种均为臭松、鱼鳞云杉 ,主要伴生树种有红松、红皮云杉、长白赤松、长白落叶松及岳桦。根据主要伴生树种在各云冷杉林群落的重要值 ,长白山北坡的云冷杉林可分为三类 ,即分布于海拔1290m左右的红松云冷杉林 ,分布于海拔1500m附近的典型云冷杉林及分布于海拔1680m周围直到1820m的岳桦云冷杉林。组成长白山北坡各类云冷杉林的种子植物和蕨类植物共计109种,分属43科88属 ,其中乔木植物15种 ,灌木层植物21种 ,草本植物73种。在所有灌木层和草本层植物中 ,既有广泛分布于各海拔带云冷杉林中的种类 ,也有仅限于某一云冷杉林类型中的种类。

Using typical sampling method,the paper studies the composition and important value of plant species in subalpine spruce fir forest on northern slope of Changbai Mts.The results are as follows:(a)The edificator in spruce fir forests on four different altitude zones are Abies nephrolepis and Picea jezoensis.The main companion species are Pinus koraiensis,Pinus sylvestris var.sylvestriformis,Picea koraiensis,Larix olgensis and Betula ermanii.(b)Based on important value of the main companion species,the spruce fir forests on the northern slope of Changbai Mts.are classified into three categories,the Korean pine Spruce fir Forest(Alt.1290m),the Typical Spruce fir Forest(Alt.1500m)and Ermans birch Spruce fir Forest(Alt.1680～1820m).(c)In four different spruce fir forests,there are 109 species of seed plants and pte ridophytes,which belong to 88 genus and 43 families.In which 15 species are trees,20 species are shrubs,73 species are herbs and 1 species is liana which grows in shrub stratum.(d)In all the species of shrub stratum and herb layer, 7 species of shrubs and 16 species of herbs are widely distributed in all of the spruce fir forests.The others only grow in one or two types of spruce fir forest. (e)The dominant herb species in Taiga Forest are also the main composition in subalpine spruce fir forest on the northern slope of Changbai Mts.