论中国铝土矿床

ON THE ALUMINOUS DEPOSITS IN CHINA

中国已探明的铝土矿储量居世界第八位,铝矿资源甚为丰富。它们主要分布在晋、鲁、豫、黔、桂和滇等六省,形成时代主要为石炭纪、二叠纪和新生代。本文论述中国铝土矿床的分布、层位、时代、沉积环境、地质特征和形成条件。根据21处主要矿床的地质特征分析,可将中国铝土矿床划分为二大类四亚类,即沉积型(海相和陆相)和风化型(红土型和堆积型)铝土矿。

The aluminous deposits in China are mainly distributed in Shanxi province, Shandong province, Henan province, Guizhou province, Guangzi province, and Yunnan province of ages of late Paleozoic and Cenozoic. According to stratigraphic positions of 21 aluminous deposits it seems that the aluminous deposits in China can be classified into 6 types as inter-system marine facies,inter-system continental facies, intra-system marine facies, intra-system continental facies, weathering red earth and weathering accumlation types. But in terms of deposition enviroments four types are distinguished: marine facies, continental facies,red earth facies and weathering accumulation facies.The tectonic enviroments for deposition of aluminous ores are firstly the depressions on margins of paraplatforms or margins of front basins cn Paleo-continents, and secondly the littoral-lagocns developed on the erosicn surfa-ces of Karstified carbonates.The sources of aluminium might come either from the re-deposition of calcic rcd earth derived frcm carbonates cr from the erosicn of adjacent aluminosilicate rocks.