明党参挥发油及致敏活性成分CSY在加工炮制中的化学动态变化研究

Chemical Dynamic Change of Volatile Oil and Its Sensibilization Activity Constituent CSY of Root of Changium Smyrnioides Wolff During Processing

目的 :揭示明党参加工炮制过程中挥发油化学成分的化学动态变化 ,考察油中原有组分的比例有无改变 ,是否有新组分的产生或原有组分的消失 ,以探讨明党参的加工炮制机理。方法 :采用毛细管气相色谱—质谱—计算机联用系统对明党参加工炮制前、加工炮制过程中的各部分挥发油及加工炮制后的挥发油的化学成分及含量进行研究。结果 :初步鉴定了 34种成分。其中 ,从明党参鲜品挥发油中分离鉴定出 2 9种成分 ,占总油量的 97.873 % ,其主成分CSY(暂定名 ,其分离及结构研究另文报道 )的含量为 70 .946 % ;从明党参鲜品去外皮根据发油中分离鉴定出 2 4种成分 ,占总油量的93 .45 2 % ,其主成分CSY的含量为 75 .90 9%。从明党参鲜品外皮挥发油中分离鉴定出 19种成分 ,占总油量的96 .878% ,其主成分CSY的含量为 70 .977% ;从明党参炮制品挥发油中分离鉴定出 11种成分 ,占总油量的 88.839% ,其主成分CSY的含量为 6 7.2 34%。结论 :加工炮制后挥发油含量减少 ,质量发生变化 ,致敏活性成分———CSY的含量由鲜品中的 0 .0 497降至 0 .0 134% ,减少了 73%。

Objective: To clarify chemical dynamic change of volatile oil of Root of Changium Smyrnioides Wolff during Processing, to analyse and study the change of constituent proportion to see if new constituents produce or original constituents disappear, to discuss the processing mechanism of root of Changium smyrnioides . Method: The constituents and contain of volatile oils of root of Changium smyrnioides before, during and after processing are comparatively analyzed by using techniques of combined capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer. Result: 34 chemical compounds are identified, among them there were 29 compounds isolated from volatile oil of fresh root of Changium smyrnioides, with a proportion of 97.873% in total oil, its main constituent is CSY and its content reaches 70.946%; 34 compounds were isolated from volatile oil of fresh decorticated root of Changium smyrnioides, with a propoction of 93.452%, main constituent is CSY, its content reaches 75.909%; and 19 compounds from volatile oil of fresh root cortices of Changium smyrnioides, 96.878% , main constituent is CSY, content 70.977%; 11 compounds from volatile oil of processed root of Changium smyrnioides, 88.839%, main constituent is CSY, content 67.234%. Conclusion: Main reasons of non sensibilization of processed root of Changium smyrnioides are considered to be the content decrease and qualitative change of the volatile oils, and the content of snsibilization activity constituent——CSY decreased from 0.0497% to 0.0134%.