马尾松纸浆材无性系选育和多地点试种

Selection,Propagation and Cultivation of Pinus massoniana Clones for Pulp Use

以纸浆材种源林、专营性种子园混合家系林和种子园子代测定林为基础材料 ,兼顾扦插生根率、造林成活率、采穗母株的生长量及材性性状 (木材密度 )等综合指标 ,经初选和复选 ,最终筛选出纸浆材优良无性系 32个。这批无性系 3a生林分的树高生长超过实生林分 2 8 6 % ,胸径超过实生林分 16 7% ,生根率超过初选无性系 2 8% ,木材比重的选择增益平均达 8 7%。比较采穗圃的不同营建方式及经营管理措施 ,认为圃地采穗圃优于山场采穗圃。在顾及圃地的地价较高或扦插圃附近难以找到合适的圃地 ,且山场的土壤条件、水源和交通均较优越时 ,建立山场采穗圃也是可行的途径 ;采用施肥和修剪等集约化管理措施 ,能较大程度地提高采穗圃穗条数量和质量。利用筛选到的 32个无性系 ,在漳平五一林场等单位共营建优良纸浆材无性系林分 4 8hm2 。

Thirty-two Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use were selected from forests of fine provenance, mixed families and progeny test of seed orchard by two steps of selection, based on the growth, wood property of the ortets and cutting rooting abilities. The average height and DBH growth of three years old of these clones were 28.6 percent and 16.7 percent respectively higher than those from seedlings, and average gain of wood density got to 8.7 percent. And rooting rate of all these clones was over 80 percent, increased 28 percent than all the clones selected by first step. 0.33 hm2 cutting orchard on the hillside was constructed to intensively produce cuttings according to the tests on construction ways, pruning and fertilization. 50 000 degree Ⅰ, 37 500 degree Ⅱ and 62 500 degree Ⅲ cuttings could be collected per hectare of this cutting orchard each time, and could be cut for 3 times in a year. With all above techniques, 48 hm2 clonal forests for pulp use of those clones had been planted in five places in Fujian Province. And container stecklings did good to increase the planting survival rate.