广州地区孕中晚期、哺乳期妇女膳食调查分析

Analysis on Dietary Investigation of Pregnant and Lactating Women

目的了解广州市孕妇、乳母营养素摄入情况。方法选取孕妇146名,在孕22±2周、孕38±2周、产后12±2周分3次进行3天24小时回顾法膳食调查。结果孕中、晚期、哺乳期妇女食物结构比较合理,但与《中国居民膳食指南》相比,乳制品、豆类摄取均较低,前者仅占3.3%、3.8%和2.4%,后者占0.9%、0.8%和1.1%。营养素分析结果:3期钙摄入均不足,仅达到AI的76.8%、68.1%和65.5%。锌摄入分别为RNI的89.0%、81.9%和80.4%,哺乳期能量占RNI的95.1%,其余各期能量各营养素均达到AI或RNI标准。结论广州市孕妇、乳母应适当调整膳食结构,增加海产品或含锌多的硬果类食物摄入,以保证锌的摄入。增加奶类、豆类的摄入量,并适当补充钙制剂,保证钙的摄入充足。

OBJECTIVE To investigate dietary nutrient intakes in pregnant and lactating women.METHODS 146 pregnant women were chose and the dietary intake data were collected for the subjects at 22±2w,38±2w of pregnancy,and 12±2w after delivery,respectively.The type and amount of food intakes within three days were recorded.RESULTS The components of diets of pregnant and lactating women were rather rational,and the calorie and most of nutrients they consumed were more than 90.0%of DRIs except calcium and zinc.In the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters and lactating period,the intake of Calcium were 76.8%,68.1%and 65.5%of AI,respectively,the intakes of zinc was 89.0%,81.9%and 80.4%of RNI.CONCLUSION Milk and dairy product consumption are recommended and food fortification with calcium may be feasible as well for pregnant and lactating women in Guangzhou.