多目标优化在锻造毛坯形状优化设计中的应用

Research on the Multiple Objective Optimization of the Forging Process

以形状相对简单的单工序锻件为研究对象,以同时获得材料消耗最小和变形程度最均匀的终锻件为优化目标,对锻造过程毛坯形状进行多目标优化设计的研究。给出了单工序锻件形状优化设计的总的目标函数及其各子目标函数的表示方法及计算表达式,以毛坯的高径(宽)比作为优化设计的变量,基于刚粘塑性有限元理论,采用黄金分割法进行优化迭代,编制了相应的程序,并对一典型的轴对称H型锻件的毛坯形状进行了多目标的优化设计,取得了明显的效果。

As the shape is relative simple, the single-process forging is taken as the research object in this paper. The optimal aim is to obtain such forging, which has the net or near net shape and more uniform deformation at the same time. Therefore, the multiple objective is used in the optimal process and the multiple objective optimization is carried out. In this research, the total objective function and the shape objective function and the deform uniformity objective function are given. As there is only one optimal design variable (ratio of the height to diameter of the billet), the golden section method is taken as the optimal method. Using this method, the shape of the billet of a typical axisymmetric H-shaped forging is optimized. The optimal result is satisfied.